Beginner’s Guide to Watercolor Paper: What You Need to Know

Watercolor painting is a versatile and delightful medium that offers endless possibilities for creativity. However, the choice of watercolor paper can significantly impact your painting experience and results. In this beginner’s guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about watercolor paper, from types and textures to weights and sizing. Whether you’re a novice or a seasoned artist looking to refine your knowledge, this guide has you covered.

Why Watercolor Paper Matters

Choosing the right watercolor paper is crucial for achieving the best results in your paintings. Watercolor paper is specially designed to handle water and pigment, providing the right amount of absorption and texture. Using regular paper can lead to buckling, bleeding, and unsatisfactory results. Here are some key reasons why watercolor paper matters:

• Absorption: Watercolor paper is designed to absorb water and pigments without warping or deteriorating.
• Texture: Different textures can create various effects in your artwork.
• Durability: Quality watercolor paper can withstand multiple washes and layers of paint.

Types of Watercolor Paper

Watercolor paper comes in different types, each offering unique characteristics and benefits. Understanding these types will help you make informed decisions based on your artistic needs:

Hot Pressed Watercolor Paper

Hot pressed paper has a smooth, fine-grained surface. It is ideal for detailed work, fine lines, and smooth washes. This type of paper is often preferred for botanical illustrations and portraits. Tip: If you enjoy creating intricate details, hot pressed paper is your best choice.

Cold Pressed Watercolor Paper

Cold pressed paper, also known as NOT (not hot pressed), has a slightly textured surface. It strikes a balance between smooth and rough, making it versatile for various techniques. This type of paper is suitable for both beginners and experienced artists. Tip: If you’re unsure which type to choose, start with cold pressed paper for its versatility.

Rough Watercolor Paper

Rough watercolor paper has a pronounced texture, providing a distinctive look and feel. It is excellent for creating bold, expressive strokes and adding texture to your paintings. Tip: Use rough paper for landscapes and abstract art to take advantage of its texture.

Watercolor Paper Weights

Watercolor paper is available in various weights, measured in pounds (lb) or grams per square meter (gsm). The weight of the paper affects its thickness, durability, and ability to handle water. Here are the common weights and their characteristics:

90 lb (190 gsm)

This lightweight paper is suitable for quick sketches and practice. However, it may buckle or warp when exposed to heavy washes. Tip: Use this weight for preliminary studies and experiments.

140 lb (300 gsm)

The most popular weight for watercolor paper, 140 lb paper offers a good balance between affordability and performance. It can handle multiple washes without significant warping. Tip: Start with 140 lb paper if you’re a beginner looking for reliable performance.

300 lb (640 gsm)

This heavyweight paper is extremely durable and can handle heavy washes and multiple layers of paint. It is less likely to buckle or warp, making it ideal for professional work. Tip: Invest in 300 lb paper for your final pieces and important projects.

Paper Sizing

Sizing refers to the treatment applied to watercolor paper to control its absorbency. Properly sized paper allows pigments to sit on the surface, providing vibrant colors and sharp details. There are two main types of sizing:

Internal Sizing

Internal sizing is added during the papermaking process, making the paper less absorbent. This type of sizing is suitable for artists who prefer controlled and precise painting techniques. Tip: Choose internally sized paper for detailed work and fine lines.

External Sizing

External sizing is applied to the surface of the paper after it is made, making it more absorbent. This type of sizing allows for more spontaneous and expressive painting. Tip: Use externally sized paper for loose, flowing washes and bold strokes.

Choosing the Right Watercolor Paper for Your Needs

Selecting the right watercolor paper depends on your artistic style, techniques, and preferences. Here are some actionable tips to help you make the best choice:

• Experiment with Different Types: Try hot pressed, cold pressed, and rough papers to see which texture suits your style.
• Consider the Weight: Start with 140 lb paper for versatile performance, and upgrade to 300 lb for professional projects.
• Test Sizing: Experiment with internally and externally sized papers to see how they affect your painting techniques.
• Buy in Small Quantities: Purchase small pads or sheets to test different papers before investing in larger quantities.
• Read Reviews: Check reviews from other artists to get insights into the performance of specific brands and types of paper.

Conclusion

Choosing the right watercolor paper is a crucial step in your artistic journey. By understanding the different types, weights, and sizing options, you can make informed decisions that enhance your painting experience and results. Remember to experiment, test, and explore various options to find the perfect paper that matches your unique style and techniques. Happy painting!